B2 noun ニュートラル

immunity

/ɪˈmjuː.nə.ti/

The state of being resistant to a specific disease or infection through the presence of antibodies. It also refers to a legal status where an individual is exempt from certain duties, taxes, or prosecution.

例文

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1

Drinking orange juice and getting enough sleep can help boost your immunity during flu season.

Consuming vitamin C and resting helps strengthen your body's natural defense against the flu.

2

The court ruled that the official was entitled to sovereign immunity regarding his actions in office.

The legal system decided the official was protected from being sued for his professional conduct.

3

I've heard that bad jokes are like a virus, but luckily I've developed a bit of immunity to yours.

I have become used to your bad jokes and they no longer bother me.

語族

名詞
immunity
Verb
immunize
形容詞
immune
関連
immunization
💡

覚え方のコツ

Think of the word 'Community'. 'Immunity' is what keeps the 'Community' safe from diseases and outside threats.

クイックテスト

The witness was granted ______ from prosecution in exchange for providing evidence against the gang leader.

正解!

正解は: immunity

例文

1

Drinking orange juice and getting enough sleep can help boost your immunity during flu season.

everyday

Consuming vitamin C and resting helps strengthen your body's natural defense against the flu.

2

The court ruled that the official was entitled to sovereign immunity regarding his actions in office.

formal

The legal system decided the official was protected from being sued for his professional conduct.

3

I've heard that bad jokes are like a virus, but luckily I've developed a bit of immunity to yours.

informal

I have become used to your bad jokes and they no longer bother me.

4

Herd immunity is achieved when a significant percentage of a population has become immune to an infectious disease.

academic

A population is protected when enough individuals are resistant to a pathogen to stop its spread.

5

The contract includes a clause providing the consultant with immunity from liability for indirect losses.

business

The agreement states the consultant cannot be held responsible for secondary financial damages.

語族

名詞
immunity
Verb
immunize
形容詞
immune
関連
immunization

よく使う組み合わせ

diplomatic immunity Exemption from local laws for foreign diplomats
herd immunity General resistance to a disease in a population
grant immunity To officially provide legal protection or exemption
natural immunity Resistance to disease developed without medical intervention
build immunity To strengthen the body's defense system over time

よく使うフレーズ

immunity from prosecution

A promise that someone will not be charged with a crime

acquired immunity

Immunity that develops after exposure to an antigen

judicial immunity

Protection for judges against liability for their judicial acts

よく混同される語

immunity vs impunity

Immunity is the state of being protected or exempt, while impunity specifically refers to doing something wrong without being punished.

immunity vs immunization

Immunity is the result or state of being resistant, whereas immunization is the process/action of making someone immune.

📝

使い方のコツ

In a biological context, it is usually followed by 'to' (e.g., immunity to measles). In a legal context, it is often followed by 'from' (e.g., immunity from taxes).

⚠️

よくある間違い

Learners often use the adjective 'immune' when they need the noun 'immunity', for example, saying 'He has immune' instead of 'He has immunity'.

💡

覚え方のコツ

Think of the word 'Community'. 'Immunity' is what keeps the 'Community' safe from diseases and outside threats.

📖

語源

Derived from the Latin 'immunitas', which referred to exemption from public service or taxes.

文法パターン

Uncountable noun when referring to biological resistance Countable noun when referring to specific legal exemptions (immunities) Commonly followed by the prepositions 'to' or 'from'
🌍

文化的な背景

The term 'herd immunity' became globally prominent during the COVID-19 pandemic, influencing public health policies worldwide.

クイックテスト

The witness was granted ______ from prosecution in exchange for providing evidence against the gang leader.

正解!

正解は: immunity

関連単語

immune

B2

Immune describes the state of being protected from a specific disease, typically through vaccination or prior exposure. It can also figuratively refer to being unaffected by something negative, such as criticism, or being exempt from certain duties or legal consequences.

antibody

B2

A protective protein produced by the immune system in response to the presence of a foreign substance, called an antigen. It identifies and neutralizes threats like bacteria, viruses, and toxins to prevent infection.

vaccine

B2

A substance used to stimulate the production of antibodies and provide immunity against one or several diseases. It is typically prepared from the causative agent of a disease or a synthetic substitute and is administered to prevent future infection.

vaccination

B2

The administration of a vaccine to help the immune system develop protection from a disease. It refers to the physical act or the organized process of immunizing individuals or populations.

immunization

B2

The process by which an individual's immune system becomes protected against a specific disease, typically through the administration of a vaccine. It refers to both the act of giving a vaccine and the resulting state of being immune to an infection.

injection

B2

An injection is the act of putting a liquid, especially a drug, into a person's body using a needle and a syringe. Metaphorically, it refers to the act of introducing something new, such as money or energy, into a system or organization to improve it.

medication

B2

To treat a person or animal with medicine, or to provide a drug to alleviate symptoms and manage health conditions. It describes the professional act of administering healthcare substances or the personal act of self-treating a condition.

prescription

B2

Relating to a medicine or treatment that can only be obtained through a written order from a qualified doctor. It describes items that are legally regulated and require professional authorization rather than being available for direct purchase.

antibiotic

B2

Relating to a substance that is capable of destroying or inhibiting the growth of microorganisms, especially bacteria. It describes medications or properties used to treat infections caused by bacteria rather than viruses.

anesthetic

B2

A substance or drug that induces a reversible loss of sensation or consciousness. It is used in medical procedures to prevent a patient from feeling pain during surgery or other painful treatments.

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