C1 noun フォーマル

respond

/rɪˈspɒnd/

In architecture, a respond is a half-pillar or half-column attached to a wall that supports an arch or a rib of a vault. In a liturgical context, it refers to a short chant or verse sung by a choir or congregation in answer to a priest.

例文

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1

The tour guide pointed out how the stone respond was intricately carved to match the main pillars.

The tour guide pointed out how the stone respond was intricately carved to match the main pillars.

2

The structural integrity of the vaulting depends on the precise alignment of each respond against the masonry wall.

The structural integrity of the vaulting depends on the precise alignment of each respond against the masonry wall.

3

I thought it was just a decorative wall bump, but the professor called it a respond.

I thought it was just a decorative wall bump, but the professor called it a respond.

語族

名詞
respond
Verb
respond
副詞
responsively
形容詞
responsive
関連
response
💡

覚え方のコツ

Visualize a half-column that 'responds' to the weight of an arch by leaning against the wall for support.

クイックテスト

The architect examined the ______ to ensure it could support the weight of the incoming archway.

正解!

正解は: respond

例文

1

The tour guide pointed out how the stone respond was intricately carved to match the main pillars.

everyday

The tour guide pointed out how the stone respond was intricately carved to match the main pillars.

2

The structural integrity of the vaulting depends on the precise alignment of each respond against the masonry wall.

formal

The structural integrity of the vaulting depends on the precise alignment of each respond against the masonry wall.

3

I thought it was just a decorative wall bump, but the professor called it a respond.

informal

I thought it was just a decorative wall bump, but the professor called it a respond.

4

Gothic cathedrals frequently utilize a respond to terminate the visual line of an arcade where it meets the transept wall.

academic

Gothic cathedrals frequently utilize a respond to terminate the visual line of an arcade where it meets the transept wall.

5

The restoration budget allocates five thousand dollars for the stabilization of the leaning respond in the south aisle.

business

The restoration budget allocates five thousand dollars for the stabilization of the leaning respond in the south aisle.

語族

名詞
respond
Verb
respond
副詞
responsively
形容詞
responsive
関連
response

よく使う組み合わせ

stone respond stone respond
fluted respond fluted respond
liturgical respond liturgical respond
molded respond molded respond
wall respond wall respond

よく使うフレーズ

short respond

short respond (in liturgy)

aisle respond

aisle respond (in architecture)

respond wall

respond wall

よく混同される語

respond vs response

Response is a general answer or reaction, whereas a respond (as a noun) is a specific architectural element or liturgical chant.

respond vs respondent

A respondent is a person who answers a survey or legal claim, not a physical pillar.

📝

使い方のコツ

The noun 'respond' is highly technical and rarely used outside of architectural history or religious studies. In common English, the word is almost exclusively used as a verb.

⚠️

よくある間違い

Learners often use 'respond' as a noun when they actually mean 'response' (e.g., 'I am waiting for your respond' is incorrect).

💡

覚え方のコツ

Visualize a half-column that 'responds' to the weight of an arch by leaning against the wall for support.

📖

語源

Derived from the Old French 'respondre', from Latin 'respondere', meaning to answer or correspond to.

文法パターン

Countable noun: one respond, two responds Often followed by a prepositional phrase: 'respond of the arch' Functions as a subject or object in architectural descriptions
🌍

文化的な背景

The term is significant in European medieval architecture, particularly in the study of English Gothic cathedrals and their liturgical practices.

クイックテスト

The architect examined the ______ to ensure it could support the weight of the incoming archway.

正解!

正解は: respond

関連フレーズ

関連単語

to

A1

Used to indicate the place, person, or thing that someone or something moves toward. It can also mark the recipient of an action or the limit of a range.

and

A1

A primary conjunction used to connect words, phrases, or clauses that are grammatically equal. It indicates addition, a sequence of events, or a relationship between two things.

a

A1

A word used before a singular noun that is not specific or is being mentioned for the first time. It is used only before words that begin with a consonant sound to indicate one of something.

that

A1

This word is a demonstrative pronoun used to indicate a specific person, object, or idea that is further away in space or time from the speaker. It is also used to refer back to something that has already been mentioned or to introduce a clause that identifies something.

I

A1

The pronoun 'I' is used by a speaker or writer to refer to themselves as the subject of a verb. It is the first-person singular subject pronoun in English and is always capitalized regardless of its position in a sentence.

for

A1

Used to show who is intended to have or use something, or to explain the purpose or reason for an action. It is also frequently used to indicate a specific duration of time.

not

A1

A function word used to express negation or denial. It is primarily used to make a sentence or phrase negative, often following an auxiliary verb or the verb 'to be'.

with

A1

A preposition used to indicate that people or things are together, in the same place, or performing an action together. It can also describe the instrument used to perform an action or a characteristic that someone or something has.

he

A1

A pronoun used to refer to a male person or animal that has already been mentioned or is easily identified. It functions as the subject of a sentence.

you

A1

Used to refer to the person or people that the speaker is addressing. It is the second-person pronoun used for both singular and plural subjects and objects.

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