B2 verb ニュートラル

prior

/ˈpraɪ.ər/

Existing or coming before in time, order, or importance. It is frequently used to describe a previous arrangement or knowledge that someone has before a specific point in time.

例文

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1

I cannot attend the wedding because I have a prior commitment that day.

I have an earlier engagement that prevents me from coming.

2

The candidate's prior experience in international law makes her an ideal choice for the position.

The applicant's previous history working in law makes her a good fit.

3

I didn't have any prior warning that they were planning a surprise party.

I had no advance notice about the party plans.

語族

名詞
priority
Verb
prioritize
形容詞
prior
関連
prioritization
💡

覚え方のコツ

Think of the 'PRI' in 'PRIor' as standing for 'PRE' (before). If something is a PRIority, it comes PRIor to everything else.

クイックテスト

The building cannot be accessed without ___ written consent from the owner.

正解!

正解は: prior

例文

1

I cannot attend the wedding because I have a prior commitment that day.

everyday

I have an earlier engagement that prevents me from coming.

2

The candidate's prior experience in international law makes her an ideal choice for the position.

formal

The applicant's previous history working in law makes her a good fit.

3

I didn't have any prior warning that they were planning a surprise party.

informal

I had no advance notice about the party plans.

4

Prior research in this field suggests that the results may vary depending on the sample size.

academic

Earlier studies indicate that outcomes change based on the group studied.

5

All international travel requires prior authorization from the department head.

business

Travel needs approval beforehand from the person in charge.

語族

名詞
priority
Verb
prioritize
形容詞
prior
関連
prioritization

よく使う組み合わせ

prior knowledge information known beforehand
prior experience skills gained in the past
prior notice advance warning
prior approval permission granted before an action
prior arrangement plans made in advance

よく使うフレーズ

prior to

before a particular time or event

without prior notice

happening without warning

prior engagement

a previous social or business obligation

よく混同される語

prior vs previous

Prior is often more formal and frequently used in legal or business contexts, whereas previous is common in daily speech.

📝

使い方のコツ

Prior is most commonly used as an adjective before a noun or in the compound preposition 'prior to' followed by a noun or a gerund.

⚠️

よくある間違い

Avoid saying 'prior than'; the correct comparative-like structure is 'prior to'.

💡

覚え方のコツ

Think of the 'PRI' in 'PRIor' as standing for 'PRE' (before). If something is a PRIority, it comes PRIor to everything else.

📖

語源

Derived from the Latin word 'prior', meaning 'former', 'previous', or 'superior'.

文法パターン

Used as an attributive adjective before nouns. Functions as a preposition in the phrase 'prior to + noun/ing'.
🌍

文化的な背景

In legal and professional English, 'prior' is strictly used to define terms of notification and existing contractual obligations.

クイックテスト

The building cannot be accessed without ___ written consent from the owner.

正解!

正解は: prior

関連単語

pale

A1

Describes something that has very little color or is much lighter than usual. It is often used to describe a person's face when they are ill or a color that is mixed with a lot of white.

lung

A1

The lungs are two organs inside your chest that you use to breathe. They bring oxygen into your body and remove carbon dioxide when you breathe out.

tropical

A1

Relating to the hot regions of the Earth near the equator. It describes weather that is very warm and wet, or plants and animals that come from these areas.

trader

A1

A trader is a person whose job is to buy and sell goods, stocks, or other items for profit. They can work in a small local market or on large international financial exchanges.

indoor

A1

Describes something that is located, happens, or is used inside a building rather than outside. It is an adjective used before a noun to talk about activities or objects protected from the weather.

threshold

A1

A threshold is the physical area at the bottom of a doorway that you step over to enter a room or building. It also refers to the level or point at which something starts to happen or changes.

tribute

A1

A tribute is something that you say, do, or give to show your respect and admiration for someone. It is often a public act used to honor a person's life, work, or memory.

elder

A1

Used to describe a person who is older than another, especially within a family. It is also used to refer to people who have a high status or more experience because of their age.

russian

A1

Relating to Russia, its people, its language, or its culture. It describes things that come from or are connected to the largest country in the world.

southeastern

A1

Located in or coming from the direction between south and east. It describes a place, a region, or a wind that is in the corner between the bottom and the right on a map.

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