訴訟
A formal legal process where a dispute is brought before a court for a judicial decision. It typically involves a plaintiff seeking a legal remedy against a defendant through the court system.
Examples
3 of 5彼は隣人と騒音トラブルで訴訟になった。
He ended up in a lawsuit with his neighbor over a noise dispute.
当社は特許侵害の疑いで、ライバル企業に対して訴訟を提起しました。
Our company has filed a lawsuit against a rival firm on suspicion of patent infringement.
訴訟なんて、お金と時間の無駄だよ。
A lawsuit is just a waste of money and time.
Word Family
Memory Tip
The first kanji 訴 (uttaeru) means 'to complain' and contains the 'speech' radical (言). Imagine using words to complain to a judge to 'settle' (訟) a dispute.
Quick Quiz
不当な解雇に対して、会社を相手に＿＿＿を起こした。
Correct!
The correct answer is: 訴訟
Examples
彼は隣人と騒音トラブルで訴訟になった。
everydayHe ended up in a lawsuit with his neighbor over a noise dispute.
当社は特許侵害の疑いで、ライバル企業に対して訴訟を提起しました。
formalOur company has filed a lawsuit against a rival firm on suspicion of patent infringement.
訴訟なんて、お金と時間の無駄だよ。
informalA lawsuit is just a waste of money and time.
本論文では、19世紀の民事訴訟制度の変遷を分析する。
academicThis paper analyzes the transition of the civil litigation system in the 19th century.
契約違反による訴訟のリスクを最小限に抑える必要があります。
businessWe need to minimize the risk of litigation due to breach of contract.
Word Family
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
訴訟手続き
legal proceedings
集団訴訟
class action lawsuit
訴訟問題
litigation issue
Often Confused With
Saiban refers to the trial or the act of judging itself, while soshō is the legal case or the act of suing.
Kokuso specifically means reporting a crime to the police/prosecutor to demand punishment, whereas soshō is broader litigation.
Usage Notes
This is a very formal word. While 'saiban' is common in daily conversation, 'soshō' is more frequent in legal documents, news, and business contexts.
Common Mistakes
Learners often use 'soshō' for simple arguments. It must involve a formal court process. Also, ensure you use the particle 'o' with 'okosu' (诉讼を起こす).
Memory Tip
The first kanji 訴 (uttaeru) means 'to complain' and contains the 'speech' radical (言). Imagine using words to complain to a judge to 'settle' (訟) a dispute.
Word Origin
A Sino-Japanese word (Kango) combining 訴 (to sue/complain) and 訟 (to litigate/dispute).
Grammar Patterns
Cultural Context
In Japan, there is a historical cultural preference for 'wakai' (out-of-court settlement) to maintain social harmony, making litigation less common than in some Western countries.
Quick Quiz
不当な解雇に対して、会社を相手に＿＿＿を起こした。
Correct!
The correct answer is: 訴訟
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